Why Captain Vere executed Billy Budd for killing Claggart Essays

Why Captain Vere executed Billy Budd for killing Claggart Essays Why Captain Vere executed Billy Budd for killing Claggart Paper Why Captain Vere executed Billy Budd for killing Claggart Paper I feel that in order to understand why Captain Vere executed Billy Budd for killing Claggart, we need to understand who Captain Vere was. He was an intelligent, guileless, clear-thinking, and just man. He was fully devoted to his duty in the British Navy as commander of the Indomitable. He ruled his ship by the book and expected everyone on board it to adhere to the naval code, even those who were impressed upon it. The book tells us he was a sailor of distinction even in a time prolific of renowned seamen. It also gives us a peek into the reason behind his demeanor; He had seen much service, been in various engagements, always acquitted himself as an officer mindful of the welfare of his men, but never tolerating an infraction of discipline; thoroughly versed in the science of his profession, and intrepid to the verge of temerity, though never injudiciously so. He was a confident leader who was often ridiculed, behind his back, by his fellow officers because of his pedantic streak. They compared it to Kings yarn running through a coil of navy rope, which symbolized his meticulous attention to detail, knowledge of the naval code, loyalty to his country and unwavering sense of duty. I feel his pedantic streak is the most important part of understanding Captain Vere and his decision concerning Billys situation. Captain Vere opposed the political opinions of his day, because he believed they were detrimental to the good of humankind. He also believed in a monarchial society with one person in charge of deciding what is best for everyone. I think these feelings influenced his decision to execute Billy. Captain Vere knew that Billys actions were innocent. He knew Billy did not mean to kill Claggart and that Claggarts accusations toward Billy were false. Regardless of whether Billy meant to kill Claggart or not, he struck an officer of the British Navy, a crime which is punishable by death itself. Captain Vere is faced with the most important decision of his time as the Indomitables commander, but he wastes no time deliberating over it. I believe he called the drumhead court in order to officially record the incident, according to protocol. He had already decided that Billy would have to die for his actions, according to the Mutiny Act. He describes his feelings about Billy killing Claggart as Struck dead by and angel of God! Yet the angel must hang! Captain Vere was in a very tense situation. At the time Billy killed Claggart, the Indomitable was alone after giving chase to a French frigate and failing to capture it. Also Claggart had impressed upon Captain Vere the possible talk of mutiny among the sailors. Even though Captain Vere knew that Claggarts accusations of Billy being involved in a conspiracy were false, he had no way of knowing about the other men. I believe that Captain Vere feared the consequences if word got out that Billy had killed Claggart. After all Claggart was the ships Sergeant-at-Arms, it was his duty to keep the men in line. Without Claggart the disgruntled men may very well commit mutiny. Knowing this Captain Vere makes his decision based upon the situation at hand. If Billys action goes unpunished the men may see a weakness in Captain Vere, which could be a key opportunity for a mutiny. Knowing that mutinies have badly-shaken the already depleted British navy, Captain Vere is not about to let this happen aboard the Indomitable. Despite his feelings for Billy, he must make an example out of him to keep from showing weakness. A separation from the main fleet during wartime elevated Captain Veres power and responsibility to god-like status. He is solely responsible for the Indomitable and all crewmembers on board. Captain Veres strict adherence of the naval code restricts his mind from being persuaded by the drumhead court to wait until the Indomitable rejoins the main fleet before deciding Billys fate. He persist that the crew of the Indomitable owes allegiance to the King and not to nature. As I said earlier, I feel that Captain Veres pedantic streak is the reason behind his harsh decision. His by the book demeanor takes control of the situation. Captain Vere lets his devotion to duty and loyalty to the Kings navy override what he knows is morally right. Captain Vere performed the duties of his position in the Kings navy precisely and according to the naval code. Immediately following the meeting of the drumhead court he confined Billy and placed a guard by the door to watch him. He calls all the crew to the deck and informs them of the event and that Billy has been tried and convicted and will be executed the next morning. Then he proceeded to give Claggart a proper burial, according to naval code formalities, as the crew watch. Captain Vere then went to Billy to discuss the charge against him and tell him the punishment for his crime. The next morning, after Billy has seen the Chaplain, Captain Vere reassembles the crew to the deck to witness Billys hanging. Billy is executed and the crewmembers are dismissed. After Billys body is prepared for burial the crew is called to the deck one last time to witness Billys burial. Captain Vere followed naval code protocol exactly. Every action was textbook perfect. Captain Veres pedantic streak came through at a time when attention to detail was most crucial. Billys last words were God Bless Captain Vere! I believe Billy saw Captain Vere was looking out for the good of the entire ship and maybe even the entire British navy. A good leader always puts the welfare of the whole above the interest of one person. This is exactly what Captain Vere did. He chose to sacrifice Billy for the welfare of the Kings navy. I feel that Captain Vere did exactly what he had to do. By executing Billy, he proved to the crew that he was totally committed to his duty and to the King. He did what every great leader has to do to win the loyalty and support of his subordinates; He led by example.

True and False Ranges

True and False Ranges True and False Ranges True and False Ranges By Maeve Maddox The combination fromto is often used to express a range of extremes, for example, â€Å"the prices ranged from $1 to $20.† A â€Å"true range† requires a set of objects, persons, topics, or attributes in a limited set. Here are examples of the words fromto used to express measurable ranges: McDowell Mountain Regional Park has more than 50 miles of hiking, mountain biking and horseback riding trails, ranging from easy to strenuous and ranging from 0.5 mile to 15.4 miles.   Childhood is the  age  span  ranging  from birth to adolescence. [Carpenter ants] are large ants ranging in size from one-quarter inch for a worker ant to up to three-quarters inch for a queen. The course in novel writing covered everything from outlining to publication. Birth injuries  range from mild to severe. A â€Å"false range† links disparate items that do not belong in any kind of mutual set. For example: The topics will range from current events in the world and community, to self-expression and topics chosen by the students.   The movie has everything from  comedy to love.   Free shipping on everything from handbags to jewelry [My list of favorites] has everything from Catholic High School Girls in Trouble to Zinc Oxide and You to A Fistful of Yen. Galileos offers everything from luscious wines to generous portions of your favorite Italian inspired food.   Festival has everything from a cake decorating to crocheted peanuts to jousting Such use of false ranges is ubiquitous. The usage rarely causes confusion in the reader, but it does reflect lazy thinking. Avoiding false ranges is easy. If you are not writing about the extremes of a set–like money or ages, or steps in a process–don’t use the word range or the phrase â€Å"everything fromto† Instead, use other words or expressions: The topics will encompass current events in the world and community, self-expression, and additional subjects chosen by the students.   The movie includes comedy and a love story.   Free shipping on all products. [My list of favorites] includes Catholic High School Girls in Trouble, Zinc Oxide and You, and A Fistful of Yen. Galileos offers luscious wines and generous portions of your favorite Italian-inspired food.   Festival features a variety of competitions that include cake decorating, peanut crocheting, and jousting. Note: The error of the false range is especially jarring when it contains more than two items: â€Å"[Joe’s Place] offers everything from  pizza to rack of lamb, to potato pancakes, to meatloaf.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Idioms About Numbers55 Boxing Idioms5 Tips to Understand Hyphenated Words

Happily Ever After Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Happily Ever After - Essay Example The marriage of Desdemona and Othello should have been a good match. Upon meeting Othello, Desdemona was immediately enthralled by his charisma and exotic qualities. Othello was also able to impress Desdemona’s father, which helped his cause considerably. In fact, he makes the claim that Desdemona’s â€Å"father loved me, oft invited me, / Still questioned me the story of my life / From year to year,† (I.iii.127–129) which shows that Desdemona wanted to marry him because of the person that he is. It could be argued, on the other hand, that Othello married Desdemona for his own status, as he wished to be included in the same social circle as her and her family. This was difficult for him to achieve, however, as he was always looked at as an outsider by society because of his African heritage. This led to problems in the marriage, as Othello always felt beneath Desdemona on some level. During this play, Othello is portrayed as a jealous character who lets nearly everything bother him to the point where he eventually begins to behave not as a noble, but rather as a commoner. One can start addressing Othello’s insecurities with the racial issues that he encounters during this play as a result of his African heritage. At the beginning of the play, Roderigo and Iago refer to Othello as â€Å"the Moor† (I,i,57) and also make reference to his â€Å"thick-lips† (I,i,66). Even though Othello is revered as a general, he is still thought of as a second-class citizen due to his race. Othello is very aware of his differences from the rest of the citizens of Venice and, therefore, he is very self-conscious about it. This is one of the reasons why he is so insecure about his relationship with Desdemona. Since the rest of society sees him as being an outsider, and possibly even socially inferior, part of him believes that Desdemona will believe that also and , thus, she will be unfaithful to him. Since Othello already has it in his

Older People Care (Social Care) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Older People Care (Social Care) - Essay Example According to a survey â€Å"between 1971 and 2009 the proportion of the UK population aged under 16 years decreased from 25.5 percent to 18.7 percent, while the proportion aged 75 and over increased from 4.7 percent to 7.8 percent† (Beaumont 2011). It is expected that in UK, by 2018, citizens above 65 will be more than those in the age group of 16. â€Å" It is estimated that the number of residents aged 90 and over increased by 12 percent between 2002 and 2009, that is from 388,200 to 436,500† (Beaumont 2011). (Measuring National Well-being – Population 2012). The percentage of older women is more in UK than that of men. Due to less number of deaths there is some improvement in the statistics. As women live longer compared to men, the percentage of elderly women is more.† In 2010 there were 2.56 women over the age of 90 for every man of that age† (Population Ageing: Statistics para 2). The chances of elderly women to stay alone are more than that of men. This proportion grows with increasing age. â€Å"Among women aged 75 and over who live in private households in Great Britain, 60 percent live alone compared to 36 percent of men of the same age† (Population Ageing: Statistics 2012). ... Ageism could often have an effect on the options individuals are provided with, this also affect the decisions they take about these options. â€Å"Traditionally, aging has been viewed as a continual process of decline. Unfortunately, this stereotyping results in systematic discrimination that devalues senior citizens and frequently denies them equality. In his review of the attitudes toward aging shown by humor, Pal more (1986) found that elderly people were often portrayed negatively. The humor tended to focus on physical and mental losses, as well as on decreases in sexual attractiveness and drive. Jokes about older women tended to be more negative than those about older men† (Grant para 1996). Confronting the concept of ageism is effectively carried out by the enhancement of positive thinking on the process of aging. A person’s self image depends much on age, the person’s actual age and, the age which the society thinks he or she is and the age which they thi nk they are. But this concept changes when the person reaches the retirement age. When one reaches 65, the society considers the person â€Å"useless† while the person still considers himself or herself an active and responsible member of the society. They tend to behave in a different manner.† These impressions often develop into socially acquired attitudes that affect how we deal with individuals on the basis of their age and in turn affect the stereotyped individual’s self-concept and self –esteem. What changes is not older people’s capacity to be vigorous, productive and creative. Rather, society is unwilling to see seniors as vital and active contributors far beyond traditional retirement age, and many older individuals absorb this concept into own mind sets† (The Effects of

Evaluation of Differential Research Methods Essay Example for Free

Evaluation of Differential Research Methods Essay In this essay we will look at the positive and negative aspects of the group presentation of remit 1. We will also look into the different research methods we took on to gather relevant information that we needed. Then recommendations we want to include for improvement from our verbal feedback alongside with any constraining factors we, as a group encountered. The essay will then look into the use and analysis of theory that we used that assisted us in making our final campaign. Once our group was given the idea of the university application we began to group ideas together as to what will work most effectively. We chose to use the campaign idea of viral marketing. To do this we took on a semantic and semiotic approach, whereby used signified linguistics to identify what we wanted to communicate and how. Semantic is better defined as ‘the study of linguistic development by classifying and examining changes in meaning and form’ [Semantics 2, 1994] our campaign idea was developed around the concept of transferring different meanings, for example in our campaign we developed the idea from the message we wanted to transfer across, which was the ease of use of the application along with the ability to make the video viral. Taking a semantic approach can allow the user to interpret form and meaning for them, the implementation of the meaning is posed but is left entirely to the user to self-interpret. Our campaign did however briefly touch over on semantic advertising, as we aimed the campaign as an viral video aimed at the social networking side of things we implemented the thoughts of just how effective it can be to specific target audiences to advertise on particular mediums. Our campaign idea could of better utilised the semantic concepts by identifying key phrases or words and adapting those words to create alternate meanings. Many semantic campaigns today are internet based, with a high increase of internet cookie tracking data being used by companies to then forward on products to consumers with similar search data. We decided to stay away from this concept as it falls into the category of anonymity and as an academic foundation we felt it more reputable to remain known. Semiotics is better defined as ‘The study of signs and symbols and their use or interpretation’ [U, Eco, 1979] in our campaign we used many semiotic concepts and in fact it is arguably what our final idea was based around. In our storyboard campaign we decided to use the cartoon to real like to cartoon to real life effect which we used to indicate different scenarios, for example when the person first starts off he is a real life person standing with the application in his hand representing real life. The user then enters the University College Birmingham application whereby he is taken into another dimension and we see the use of different symbols and signs to recreate a fictional dimension. The use of this was to indicate exciting ways to being able to receive the information you need. In the cartoon storyboards the use of colours that we used were primary colours, which were used to indicate simplicity while portraying the ability to enjoy the application. It is also important to mention the signified and signifier model which we briefly used in the construction of our campaign, using key word associations it quickly gave us access to relevant wording which tied in with the possible campaign ideas. Finally to talk about the last concept that was used in the campaign we chose is rhetoric, better defined as ‘Language designed to have a persuasive or impressive effect on its audience’ [G,Tom Eves, A 1999] in our campaign we opted for the viral video, in hope that this would tap into our target market which were young students. In the campaign with the concepts we used by interacting on social networking sites we intending to create a persuasive advertising campaign that attempted to eliminate any preconceived ideas that university information was complicated and hard to get a hold of. The use of language we used in the campaign was simplistic while informative; we left no vital pieces of information out of the campaign while also making the thought of this information entertaining. The overall effect we intended to make on our target audience was to leave a lasting impressive imprint that the viral video we had created was informative, fun and appealing to our audience. In a highly competitive market it is essential for students to understand exactly what they seek and for it to be easily accessible, by creating the viral campaign with the use of social networking sites it allows the audience to access the information they need directly or through friends. To conclude, with the campaign we ran with and the concepts we took on board to get to the final decision we used a variety of different models, in particular the semiotic model whereby we used a variety of different colours, forms and meanings to portray different emotions to the user to engage them. We then took on board some semantic concepts by allowing the campaign to become a viral video and publishing this online it acted not only as a source of information but in turn an advertisement of the application and university. To recommend what could have changed with the campaign final idea or what could have been done instead to better our chances of the campaign idea being successful there would be a few recommendations. The implication further of semantic concepts could have been implemented in to the campaign idea of using social networking. The application draft idea picked up little criticism other than the presentation of the application and its data. If the project was to be undertaken again the use of rhetoric alongside semantic would be heavily prevalent to tap into the internet advertising market alongside the use of websites which creating platforms to share videos, blogs and articles.

A GCSE Biology Case Study on Whether Cannabis Should be reclassified to

A Biology Case Study on Whether Cannabis Should be reclassified to a Class B Drug Introduction: In this case study on cannabis, I am going to be exploring whether Cannabis, which is currently a Class C drug, should be reclassified to become a Class B drug. It is commonly thought that if Cannabis was reclassified, it would dissuade drug dealers and users from taking and selling the drug, as if caught with it a longer sentence and heavier fine would be enforced. I will also be discussing how easy it would be for the government to enforce laws about cannabis and how much, the public would be deterred. Gordon Brown is also determined to reclassify cannabis despite warnings from his advisors, who have told him that reclassification wouldn?t be effective and that cannabis should stay as a Class C drug (1). Contents Page: The science behind Cannabis......................page 2 The many Forms of Cannabis......................page 2 The Cost of Cannabis.......................page 3 The laws that surround Cannabis at the moment.........................page 3 Why should Cannabis be reclassified?..................................................................page 4 Why should Cannabis stay as a class C drug?......................................................page 4 Conclusion.......................page 4 References..........................page 5 The Science behind Cannabis (2): Cannabis is a Plant, scientifically called Cannabis Satvia L., which is also called Marijuana or (the Hindi name) ?ganja?, as well as common street names such as pot, weed, and skunk, which is a drug, derived from Cannabis which is about two and a half times stronger than traditional cannabis. Cannabis is a psychoactive drug, which is ... ...on to those interested in the work it does. 6. http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/drugs/drugs-law/Class-a-b-c/, article title: ?Class A,B and C drugs?, by the home office, accessed 12th June 2008. I think that this source is reliable because it is issued by the home office and it relates to the laws about drugs and the have to have a solid rule that if you are in possession of a Class A drug, you will receive such and such a sentence, they cannot change it, the law isn?t flexible. 7. http://drugs.homeoffice.gov.uk/drugs-laws/cannabis-reclassifications/, article title: ?Cannabis reclassification?, by the home office, accessed 12th June 2008. I think that this source is reliable because it is from a website that has been created by the government intended to inform the general public about the use of drugs, and therefore it is unlikely to give out false information.

In what ways has Surrealism influenced fashion

In what ways has Surrealism influenced fashion, and how successful are the results? You will need to include discussion of two examples. By likeability 1. What is surrealism? â€Å"Surrealism is destructive, but it destroys only what it considers to be shackles limiting our vision. † Young Night Thoughts are surrealist from cover to cover. Unfortunately, it is a priest who speaks; a bad priest, to be sure, yet a priest. Heraclites is surrealist in dialectic. Lully is surrealist in definition. Flame is surrealist in the night of gold. Swift is surrealist in malice. Shade is surrealist in sadism. Carrier is surrealist in drowning.Monk Lewis is surrealist in the beauty of evil. Chin von Arming is surrealist absolutely; in space and time Rabble is surrealist in death. Baudelaire is surrealist in morals. Rumbaed is surrealist in life and elsewhere. Harvey Saint-Deny is surrealist in the directed dream. Carroll is surrealist in nonsense. Husband is surrealist in pessimism. Serrate i s surrealist in design. Picasso is surrealist in cubism. Bach © is surrealist in me. Rousseau is surrealist in anecdote (And © Breton, 1934, A lecture given in Brussels on 1st June 1934 at a public meeting regained by the Belgian Surrealists, http://home. Lb. AC. UK) â€Å"Surrealism is based on the belief in the superior reality of certain forms of previously neglected association, in the omnipotence of dream, in the disinterested play of thought. † -Andre Breton In the sass, the world was going through one of its ‘all time IoW phases. There was war, or worse, the fear of war, the artists who had been scattered as the result, (who were earlier based in Paris of other cities) became of the mindset that it was the overly rational thinking, the so called ‘high rationale' of human mind that had brought upon this war.This resulted in an inspired thought that led to a revolution. Thus the idea to follow the unconscious mind arrived, no matter how bizarre its ideas may seem. ‘The word Surrealism was invented in 1917 by Gallinule Billionaire, and adopted by fellow French poet, And © Breton, in 1924 to describe a radical movement of artists and writers, who drew on their subconscious to depict a heightened or â€Å"super-real† vision of the world. (The Surrealist comeback in design, Alice Rawson, The New York times, March 25, 2007) Perhaps this is a little hard to understand, but one of the best examples to describe owe a surrealist thinks is a Salvador Dali quote; when asked â€Å"do you take drugs†, he answered, to the interviewer's bewilderment, â€Å"l do not take drugs. I am drugs. † The man who commercialese the surreal – Salvador Dali Salvador Dali needs no introduction to anyone who has even remotely studied art. Not only was Dali a tremendously gifted painter, but also a designer, photographer, thinker and an extraordinary witty writer.His autobiography ‘The secret life of Salvador Dali' gives a very good insight into his thought process and his ideas. He was one of the first artists who brought the idea of surrealism from paper (And © Breton was a poet) to the visual arts, thus making it commercial and marketable. According to many, the idea of making surrealist art commercial was against the idea of surrealism. But as the history goes, the artists who had surrealist themes were very successful in the later sass's.The surrealist ideas were incorporated into fashion when Salvador Dali famously collaborated with the Italian designer Else Capillaries. The collection consisted of Lobster Dress – Lobster Dress was a simple white silk evening dress with a crimson waistband featuring a large lobster painted (by Dali) onto the skirt. Ђ Tears Dress – The Tears Dress, a slender pale blue evening gown printed with a Dali design of tromped Leila rips and tears, worn with a thigh-length veil with â€Å"real† tears carefully cut out and lined in pink and mage nta. Ђ Skeleton dress – skeleton dress was a stark black crepe dress which used transport quilting to create padded ribs, spine, and leg bones. Shoe hat – the shoe hats were a particular sensation, hats that were the underside of heels on the top. Before Salvador Dali, many artists had already put forward surrealist works, and though not many are worthy of being mentioned in the name breath as Dali, some of the noticeable ones are – Giorgio De Chorizo (1888-1978) Chorizo's early paintings were perhaps a vital key in the development of the surrealist style of painting.Characterized by images of empty town squares, suspended corridors and macabre ghost town like depictions of streets and town squares looked like his imagination of a post war era and were full of a sort of haunting loneliness and grim. Cluttered with puzzling objects, such as clocks, giant statues and distant trains, and often featuring deep, dramatic perspectives, De Chorizo's paintings left a n indelible mark on Breton and numerous other future Surrealists.Among his works from this early Metaphysical period are The Enigma of the Arrival and the Afternoon (1912), The Anxious Journey (1913), The Nostalgia of the Infinite (1913), Mystery and Melancholy of a Street (1914) and The Child's Brain (1914). By the time of the first Manifesto of Surrealism, De Chorizo had moved on to a far more classical approach, much to the chagrin of Breton. He participated in Surrealist activities up to 1925, contributing to the periodicals Lilt ©return and La R ©volition Sour ©aliases, as well as eater writing a Surrealist novel Hobbyhorses in 1929.Rene © Francis Emigrate Some people say that it was the haunting memory of his mother who committed suicide when he was 14 years old. It is said that he witnessed her face covered by her dress as she was pulled out of the water (she committed suicide by throwing herself in a nearby river) the haunting symbolism remained an inspiration for hi m, even for his famous work Less Aments. Let us come back to the point in history when the surrealist movement that And © Breton had started as a rebellion for poets had captured the minds of designers and as successfully incorporated into fashion by a crazy Spaniard.After the collaboration of Dali and Capillaries, many designers tried surrealism as a theme but only a few were successful as a whole. Fashion and surrealism The fashion object could be a most powerful force in the simultaneous deconstruction of the figure and remembrance of its presence that inevitably dwells in the garment. Just as music could be envisioned as both an abstract form and physical presence, so too the biomorphic abstractions that characterize much Surrealist art found their way into the free forms of dress and the definition of the unman being as an abstract flow among units of the body.The creation of illusion gives to clothing the enough implications of narrative and mystery to occur as a function of dress. According to the influential Surrealist gallery owner Julia Levi, Else Capillaries was the only fashion designer to interpret Surrealism successfully. From the starting of her Paris shop to its closing, Capillaries reconciled fashion an art, by interpreting the modern aesthetic and then Joining forces with artists who were at the time highly forward in their time. Such out of such her collaboration with Salvador Dali is a reorient one.To be dressed by Capillaries was to acquire confidence and chic, whether one was beautiful or not. Schizophrenia's fashion philosophy was grounded in classical mythology, particularly Ovid and the Pygmalion myth, and its stories of magical transformation and metamorphosis, themes also explored by the Surrealists. Her fashion was not only surreal and unique but also easy to wear and very feasible. Because she was able to make this transition and bring the surreal in the real world not only in theory but also in clothes that could be work in a ca sual manner along tit a style statement that associated a person with the surreal movement.It is not a less known fact that she inspired one of the leading fashion designers of our time, the late Lee Alexander Macaque who had a travel case or Luggage in his shop that was visibly inspired from Schizophrenia's skeleton dress. In the sass's, transformation was symbolized by the butterfly. Schizophrenia's collection of the 1938 Exposition International du Surrealism, and it included two of her most notable collaborations with Dali, the Skeleton Dress and the Tear-Illusion Dress. Dali andCapillaries collaborated again in 1937 on the Lobster Dress, which simplicity of the white dress is belied by the erotically charged placement of the lobster on the front of the skirt, a symbolism possibly lost on the wearer. Images relating to the fashion industry, such as sewing machines, irons, dressmaker forms and mannequins, played a leading role in the surrealist theatre. During the sass Surrealism helped to liberate fashion form more dressmaking and realize the dream of the marvelous. In the words of American Fashion Historian Richard Martin, â€Å"Surrealism remains fashion's favorite art†. Surreal thing†, Glassine Wood, 2007). ‘Some of the latest manifestations of Surrealism are screamingly commercial. Take the tromped O'Dell hoarding at 39 Avenue George V in Paris, where a construction site is padded by an eerily realistic image of a Serialized 19th-century apartment building whose structure ripples like water. Or the tops-truly boutique of the Dutch fashion designers Victor & Roll on Via Sandpapered in Milan, which is literally built upside down, with a â€Å"floor† that looks like the ceiling, and vice versa.You can also spot Surrealism's influence in more thoughtful design projects, like the provocative, lightly sinister work of the young product designers, such as the Swedish group, Front, and Dutch duo, Studio Job. Oscillating from Serialize d commercialism to a considered reinterpretation of the original Surrealist spirit reflects the central theme of the V&A show. It examines the ambiguity of Surrealism's relationship with commerce, and the tensions that developed during its transition from an avian garden art movement in the sass to a commercial design style from the sass. (The Surrealist comeback in design, Alice Rawson,2007) But the question remains is surrealism successful in fashion industry? Let us take the example of the late Lee Alexander Macaque. His work would probably one of the best examples of surrealism in fashion that was widely popular in the last few years and arguably still is. Macaque, famous for collaborating with Lady Gaga had once quoted that she was his unofficial muse. Lady Gaga officially unveiled her ‘Bad Romance' single at Alexander Unseen's Spring/Summer 2010 runway show during Paris Fashion Week.Although Gaga wasn't in attendance, her presence was certainly felt as her hit song strea med over the speakers during the encore of all the looks that Macaque had showed off. But was Lady Gaga the first surrealist design wearing pop icon? No. At the presentation of a new surreal collection of designer Jean-Paul Guiltier dean Paul Guiltier) gathered all the secular Paris, as well as fans of millionaire-style Guthrie from around the world. At the show in the front row along with influential politicians, financiers and other celebrities turned out to be only one woman – Madonna.Madonna and Jean-Paul Guiltier share the same relationship Lady Gaga did with Macaque since before Lady gaga was even playing the piano and scaring her babysitters by turning up naked before them. Macaque owned the brand Alexander Macaque which was later bought by Gucci, with Macaque serving as a creative director. The same collection was also famous for models with bizarre make up and surreal outfits. This show was so successful that it crashed the networks servers. This could be called one of the greatest achievements in surrealist fashion by a designer.Perhaps the most famous of his famous surrealist works are his signature high heels. Macaque, 40 at the time of his death can be labeled the most famous and the best example of designers inspired by surrealism in their work. Viviane Westwood Dame Viviane Westwood popularity constantly gains momentum. Her punk attitude is more alive in the Naughtiest than ever and her outspoken, Union Jack waving Englishmen (with a few added safety pins and tea stains), is undiminished. It is fitting that the Establishment has recognized her work by making her a Dame.Viviane Westwood – fashion's older stateswoman that many wish to emulate, with her younger husband Andrea Chronicler and energy for shaking things up whilst keeping her feet on the ground – seems to only recruit admirers. Cutting edge but lassie, she is unflinchingly rooted in what matters, whether it is human rights or classical fiction. No trendy noise for h er, Just cleavage, mischief, and CAPITAL LETTER MESSAGES such as sass's â€Å"l AM NOT A TERRORIST, please don't arrest me baby -r- shirts. Her first catwalk show was presented in 1981, featuring the collaboration of Westwood and McAllen. The theme that year was Pirates.Subsequent Westwood theme titles in the early years included Savage (1982), Buffalo Girls (Autumn/Winter 1982-83) and Clint Eastward, (Autumn-Winter 1984-85) under the Worlds Ends Label he stopped producing the line in 1985 to concentrate on her Viviane Westwood Lines. Viviane Westwood says (â€Å"Sometimes you need to transport your idea to an empty landscape and then populate it with fantastic looking people. â€Å"). She dubbed the period 1981 to 1985 New romantic and 1988-1991 â€Å"The Pagan Years† during which â€Å"Viennese heroes changed from punks and ragamuffins to ‘Taller' girls wearing clothes that parodied the upper class. The period from 1993 to 1999 she called â€Å"Megalomania† and from 2000 to the present – â€Å"Exploration† (vogue, 2007) Viviane Westwood has always been a fan of surrealist work and is herself a punk. It is also a known fact that her ex husband was the manager of the sex pistols and they were also associated with surrealism in music. The future of surrealism in fashion – upcoming designers such as Yang Du Surrealist fashion designer Yang Du established her brand Yang Du in London in 09 after studying in the central Saint Martin's College of art and design, and working for designers such as Viviane Westwood, John Gilligan, and Giles Deacon.It is evident in her work that she is a former artist and a fan of surrealism and impressionism. Her work is ultra hip, very colorful and can be seen as a mix of post modern and impressionist. She is especially fond of animal prints, painting animal faces on dresses, and using models with vivid makeup although a notch less vivid than Alexander Macaque. Unlike most surrealists Yang Dud's inspirations are less controversial. She stated that she gets her inspirations from her travels. These have included India and Ecuador.Her latest design includes a cactus hat that has actual spines in the top. In the new winter collection, the colors were pastel with animal prints along the dress line. When asked about her design ideology in an interview, she said â€Å"My ideology†¦ I am ere open-minded to new things, and mostly, look at things from a very different angle. I often go on trips, where I take lots of photos and meet lots of people. When I come back to London, I always have so much in my mind, some of them like stories which I really want to share through the clothes I design. (Amelia's magazine, 2009) Surrealism in fashion photography Although surrealism is apparent in fashion, it is even more so in fashion photography. It would be almost worthless for a designer to create a design which looked surreal if the photographer couldn't capture the thought of th e designer. Fashion photography thus can be called as a way to express surrealism in fashion. Also fashion photography can be used to make a normal collection surreal. One of the author's best photographers is Toshiba Canoe who in her career (1950-1960) made hundreds of collages, and quit the profession after married.Her photography is inspired by surrealist painters such as Giorgio De Chorizo, Max Ernst, Joan Mir ¶, and Francis Pica. It is apparent that she did all her work from an out of the world prospective which is one of the reasons that her pictures though surreal look very believable, and honest. Some of her famous works are the horse and the bride in the sea and the bride on the door. Conclusion The surrealist movement changed many aspects of art. No other visual art was the same after the surrealist movement.Surrealism is that form of art which believes in anything that the subconscious mind can conjure up. It is the way of life for great minds like Salvador Dali who dre amed more than they breathed. In the fashion industry, it was a huge step when Salvador Dali collaborated with Capillaries not only because it lead to two of the most talented minds of the generation to come soother, but also because it opened the door for surrealist art to come in the field of fashion and blossom.And so it did. The careers of Alexander Macaque and Viviane Westwood are a testimony to this fact. And as for the future, the designers like Yang Du are taking forward the legacy and continue to inspire the people with their surreal work that one knows to be untrue but is still forced to think twice. And that is the beauty of the surreal art. It may be argued that the surreal art like most others will one day be obsolete and out of fashion but it is also ever changing.

Effects of Enzyme

Effects of Temperature on Enzyme Biology Introduction In order to understand the activity of enzymes at different temperatures the ability of the enzyme to function can be measured. This is important in many applications such as Polymerase Chain Reaction for forensics as well as genetics research where manipulation of temperature-dependent enzymes allows for replication of DNA segments. Bennett states, â€Å"when the energy – measured as heat – increases in a chemical reaction the energy increases the reaction speed and reaction rate. (1969) This happens until a threshold though in many biological processes where positive energy input no longer increases reaction speed due to the inhibition of other factors – in this experiment that factor is the degradation or denaturing of the protein complex that is the enzyme working to catalyze the reaction. One would make the hypothesis that for any given enzyme there is a minimum reaction rate which increases with tempera ture then at a maximum point begins to be less and less efficient as the enzyme form no longer works to catalyze the reactions with its given substrates.Materials and Methods After obtaining five clean test tubes and labeling them in order one through five, each were marked at one centimeter and at four centimeters from the bottom with a permanent marker. Next, the potato juice/catalase extract is added to each tube to the one centimeter mark. The following portion of the experiment was in segments for each tube. Tube one was placed in an ice-bath by adding ice and water in a 250ml beaker. Tube two was placed in the tube rack on the lab bench in a room temperature environment.Tube three was placed in a water bath at 50 degrees celsius, and tube four was set in the 70 degree celsius water bath. Tube five was placed in a boiling water bath of a beaker on the hot plate while wearing goggles for protection. Each tube was then left in the conditional environment for ten minutes. The temp erature of the boiling water, room temperature, and ice bath were measured by thermometer. After the ten minutes I used the thermometer to measure the temperatures of the room, ice, and boiling water. Then, after adding water, waited 30 seconds until the foaming in the tube, stopped.The measured the amount of foam was recorded. Results After all the appropriate steps were taken, a table was created and I recorded each temperature that was in the tube and foam height as well. The temperate and the foam height were both recorded to see the resemblance and results concluding the temperature effect on enzymes. An example of my results are recreated as seen below (numbers and titles are accurate and the same as lab test) As shown in the table A, temperature and foam height is represented by different color lines on the graph. The purple line, represents temperature. The blue line represents foam height (mm).As the temperature rose, the heigh of the foam decreased. This did not support my hypothesis. My hypothesis clearly stated,† If the temperature is really high, then the foam will rise highly. 50 degrees will be have the most amount of foam. † This hypothesis was not supported because the highest amount of foam was found at 0 degrees. The enzymes reached optimum temperature, and then denaturing took place. In comparison to another lab, the same results occurred. Campbell Neil from students. cis stated, â€Å"The higher the concentration of substrate, the faster the reaction rate. † This made my hypothesis invalid. DiscussionAlthough my hypothesis was not correct, the lab results agree with previous literature on the effects of temperature on enzyme activity. According to Susan Gilbert, â€Å"Enzymes are sensitive to their environmental conditions. Up to a point, the rate of the reaction will increase as a function of temperature because the substrates will collide more frequently with the enzyme active site. At extremes of pH or temperature, e ither high or low, the native structure of the enzyme will be compromised, and the molecule will become inactive†(2009). Enzymes are very sensitive and do the opposite of what most chemical reactions in this case.According to the Worthington Biochemical Corporation, â€Å"A ten degree Centigrade rise in temperature will increase the activity of most enzymes by 50 to 100%† (2012). This furthers the conclusion that when the temperature rose the foam height decreased and the reaction was less intense. Table A. Bibliography Bennett. 1969. Modern Topic in Biochemistry 43-45 Campbell, N. 2002. Biology, 6th ed. : Enzymes 300-340 Cummings. 1998. Biology in the Laboratory: Temperature and enzymes. 1-9, 10-20 Gilbert, S. 2002. â€Å"Enzymes. † Biology Vol. 2. 3-9 ———————– [pic]

Direct Supervision Jails essays

Direct Supervision Jails essays The Podular/Direct Supervision Concept 2 The Principals and Dynamics of New Generation Jail Management 4 Population Divided Into Controllable Groups 5 Maximum Supervision During Initial Hours of Confinement 9 Commandments of Direct Supervision Management 10 The term new generation jail refers to new or remodeled jails that are designed around a podular architectural design in conjunction with a direct supervision inmate management orientation. While jails of this style were first introduced in the Federal system nearly 20 years ago, it has only been in the past few years that the operational principles and dynamics have been documented and the concept has begun to gain acceptance in local jurisdictions. Several national professional correctional authorities have now endorsed the concept of a podular design with direct supervision. The American Correctional Association endorsed this approach in their publication entitled Design Guides for Secure Adult Correctional Facilities, published in November of 1983. The American Institute of Architectures Committee on Architecture for Justice appointed a subcommittee in 1983 to draft a position in favor of new generation jail concepts for adoption by the AIA. The National Institute of Corrections Advisory Board took a formal position on the podular design and direct supervision management concept at their November 21, 1983 meeting. The Advisory Board of the National Institute of Corrections advocates that jurisdictions that are contemplating the construction or renovation of jails and prisons should explore the appropriateness of the podular direct supervision (new generation) concept of jail and prison design and management for their new facilities. The NIC Advisory Board believes that the economic, social, and professional values explicit in the concept of jail and prison design and management exemplify an appropriate direction for detention of persons ...

Conjugate Trouver (to Find) in French

Conjugate Trouver (to Find) in French In French, the verb  trouver  means to find. This is a little easier to remember if you think of finding a treasure trove. Beyond that, youll also need to memorize the verbs conjugations in order to say things like the present tense finding and the past tense found. A quick lesson will introduce you to the essential conjugations of  trouver  youll need. The Basic Conjugations of  Trouver Verb conjugations in French are a little trickier than they are in English. Where we use -ing and -ed endings to indicate the present and past tenses, French uses a new ending for each subject pronoun within each tense. That means you have more words to memorize. The good news for French students is that  trouver  is a  regular -er verb. It follows the most common conjugation patterns found in the French language, so the endings you learn here can also be applied to a number of other verbs. Well begin the lesson with the indicative mood, which includes the basic present, future, and imperfect past tenses. Once you know that the verbs radical (or stem) is  trouv-, you can apply the appropriate ending. The chart will help you study these words. Simply pair the subject pronoun with the proper tense for your sentence. For example, I am finding is  je trouve  and we found is  nous trouvions. Practicing these in context will speed up your memorization and there are many common  expressions with  trouver  that can help you out. Present Future Imperfect je trouve trouverai trouvais tu trouves trouveras trouvais il trouve trouvera trouvait nous trouvons trouverons trouvions vous trouvez trouverez trouviez ils trouvent trouveront trouvaient The Present Participle of  Trouver For regular verbs, adding -ant to the verb stem forms the present participle. For trouver, that creates the word trouvant. Trouver  in the Compound Past Tense Beyond the imperfect, you can also use the compound past tense known as the  passà © composà ©. This requires a simple construction using the  auxiliary verb  avoir  and the  past participle  trouvà ©. The only conjugation you need to worry about here is for  avoir.  Youll use the present tense that matches the subject, then attach the past participle. For example, I found is  jai trouvà ©Ã‚  and we found is  nous avons trouvà ©. More Simple Conjugations of  Trouver Among the other simple conjugations youll want to study for  trouver  are the subjunctive and the conditional. They both have some degree of uncertainty in the act of finding, with the conditional implying that its dependent on something else happening. There may also be times when youll encounter or use the passà © simple  or  imperfect subjunctive. However, all of the other forms should be your top priority as these are only used on occasion. Subjunctive Conditional Passà © Simple Imperfect Subjunctive je trouve trouverais trouvai trouvasse tu trouves trouverais trouvas trouvasses il trouve trouverait trouva trouvà ¢t nous trouvions trouverions trouvà ¢mes trouvassions vous trouviez trouveriez trouvà ¢tes trouvassiez ils trouvent trouveraient trouvà ¨rent trouvassent The imperative  form  is the only one that doesnt require the subject pronoun. Its used in short sentences and instead of  tu trouve, you can simplify it to  trouve. Imperative (tu) trouve (nous) trouvons (vous) trouvez

History of medicine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

History of medicine - Essay Example Starting with the English medical professions in the 17th and 18th centuries, one of the most major and significant factors here is the fact that of little was actually known in regards to the field of medicine itself; "Very little was known about hygiene in the 17th century. People were not aware that disease was spread by germs which thrived on dirt. They did not think of washing their hands before eating or dressing a wound, so diseases could spread quickly" (National Maritime Museum, 2007). One of the most influential doctors in the medical profession at this time was Nicholas Culpeper, who was an English botanist, herbalist, physician, and astrologer, and who also published several books in his time. Culpeper worked to "bring medicinal treatments from the mysterious to the comprehensible. His philosophy was to teach the common folk to minister to themselves by providing them with the tools and knowledge for self health" (Wikipedia, 2007). In regards to the Colonial medical professions in the 17th and 18th centuries, there are both similarities and differences when compared to that of the previously discussed. For instance, one of the most major similarities is in regards to how the physician attitudes to popular or lay medicine, which was for the most part generally permeable to ideas from conventional and more standard practice, as well had a very serious bearing on that of variations in the medical practice itself. Then on the other hand, one of the biggest differences between the Colonial medical profession from that of the English medical profession during this time is in regards to how the Colonial medical practitioners placed a lot of confidence on the supposition that popular medicine rested on generations of experience and that folkways were a prudent and economical alternative to many of the more expensive treatments. There are several different factors in particular which led to the development of clinical medicine in France in the first half of the 19th century, and this includes that of: genomics, human genetics, hygiene, pharmacology, and scientific research. Another issue that is incredibly relevant and significant here is that of the impact of the French Revolution on the development of clinical medicine in France during the first half of the 19th century, and the French Revolution really did have quite an impact in this regards. During the first half of the 19th century, great evolutions were being made in regards to the field of medicine; new medical schools were developing, and Paris was just one significant location in France which was quickly working its way towards becoming the world center in science and medicine. The French Revolution caused many changes throughout France, many of which had an incredibly significant impact on the field of medicine, the majority of which resulted pos itively. From this review we can conclude many different things, several which are of particular importance, such as the fact of how similar and different the English and Colonial medical professions were in the 17th and 18th centuries, as well as what factors are considered to have led to the development of clinical medicine in France during this time, as well as during the first half of the 19th century, and furthermore we have also been able to understand about the impact that

Smoothie King Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Smoothie King - Case Study Example According to Tracy, Jansen, Scarfone and Butterfield (2007), one of the ways of protecting important documents is using company e-mail lists to attach these documents. Company e-mail addresses usually have a higher level of security than common, free e-mail services; therefore, a company should acquire a private company e-mail server. This ensures that the servers used before the recipient accesses the e-mail remain uncompromised. One concept that many people usually fail to understand is the fact that e-mail is not sent like regular mail, where the sender and recipient seal and open the envelope. Contrary to regular mail, e-mail is usually sent as open text, and any individual who mistakenly or intentionally receives the e-mail can read the contents (Tracy, Jansen, Scarfone and Butterfield, 2007). Therefore, it is advisable to attach documents to the mail, and as an added precaution, add a security feature to the attached files. The security feature, like passwords and access codes, can then be sent as a separate e-mail or though a different way. This ensures that, in case the wrong person intercepts the e-mail, the chance of compromising the information is lessened. The size of the documents being sent as part of normal working procedure is usually big and cumbersome, and the process of attaching and sending them might be tedious. In this case, it is usually advisable to upload the file to certified file sharing websites and sharing the link with the intended recipient of the e-mail (Tracy, Jansen, Scarfone and Butterfield, 2007). This serves two purposes; first, it eliminates the tedious nature of attaching and sending the e-mail, and reduces the security risk of sending the e-mail. Most hosts of uploaded information require passwords and security clearance, therefore, the chances of unintended access is reduced. After an analysis of the Smoothie King case study, it is evident that all the steps needed for the establishment of a franchising operation are inc luded. This is because the essential steps in the process; identifying the potential franchisee, proof of qualification, business agreement, and conclusion of the franchising decision are included. However, I would suggest that an extra step be added to the whole process. In my opinion, qualification on paper is not enough to prove that a potential franchisee has the potential to start a business. Even though a potential franchisee might have all the necessary financial ability and qualification to be able to run a franchising operation, the best quality is having business ability. Some individuals might have the necessary resources to run a business but lack the fundamental ability to run the said business. This means that the process of running a franchising operation requires an individual to have a certain mind set; therefore, it is essential that the franchiser test the potential franchisee. This can be achieved by having a short time where the individual or company is given th e opportunity to run a mock franchise to test their ability. The steps listed above also lack an important part; the review of operations after the franchising deal is approved. Normally, a franchiser would want to retain their particular brand in the market, meaning that one franchisee can spoil an existing reputation. Customers would not understand that a franchisee is not part of the